Sunday, April 19, 2015

Door to a Theocratic Dictatorship?

The Door to a Theocratic Dictatorship

Demands for forced sterilizations  and disenfranchisement of Christians and Muslims would be unacceptable even in Rajrajya

JOHN DAYAL


Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, the Mahtma was clear, if perhaps a little defensive, when explaining  a phrase he so loved. “By Ramrajya, I do not mean Hindu Raj. I mean by Ramarajya Divine Raj, the Kingdom of God. For me Rama and Rahim are one and the same deity. I acknowledge no other God but the one God of truth and righteousness. Whether Rama of my imagination ever lived or not on this earth, the ancient ideal of Ramarajya is undoubtedly one of true democracy in which the meanest citizen could be sure of swift justice without an elaborate and costly procedure. Even the dog is described by the poet to have received justice under Ramarajya. (YI, 19-9-1929, p. 305)”. Gandhi was shot dead by a man, in conspiracy with other men of his political group who thought Gandhi was a bit too generous with Muslims.

One went through the Hindu Rashtra Darshan of V D Savarkar to find out what he had to say on the rights of citizens in a nation founded on the principles of the Hindu deity’s kingdom. Savarkar, is deified himself by proponents of religious nationalism, hailed as one of the greatest of freedom fighters and given the honorific Veer. Even Bhagat Singh is just called Shaheed-e-Azam.  His detractors, mostly not in political power in th present times, routinely remind us of his many gratuitous and groveling letters to the British rulers seeking forgiveness, swearing loyalty, and pleading release from incarceration.

One learnt many things from a reading of Hindu Rashtra Darshan, though expectedly one did not find a definition of Hindu Rashtra that would stand the a universal test of a modern nation. But even Mr. Savarkar, now placed in the sanctum sanctorum, offers a semblance of equality to all humans in his Rashtra, other than Muslims of course, for that would puncture his entire thesis. Says Savarkar: “The Hindustan Sanghastanists Party aims to base the future constitution of Hindusthan on the broad principle that all citizens should have equal rights and obligations irrespective  of caste and creed, race or religion, provided hey avow and owe an exclusive  and devoted allegiance to the Hindustani state...whatever restrictions  will be in the interest of of the public peace and order of National emergency and will not be based on any religious or racial considerations, but on common National Grounds.’  Savarkar did ruin this republican and democratic promise with his exhortation to Christians, Sikhs and other religious groups to side with Hindus against Muslims in the political discourse of the times, but that one points out just to put the Rashtra Darshan in perspective.

It was therefore with growing trepidation overtaking one’s academic and professional curiosity that one read, and saw on Television news channels and on YouTube, the various statements by bright young and middle-aged luminaries of the Sangh Parivar that owes so much to Mr. Savarkar and his fascination with some west European theses of resolving competing identities. 

They were openly very hostile to Muslims, which ifor Islamophobia has a long and hoary tradition in India dating back, in political expression, to some of the early 20th century leaders of the Indian National Congress who befriended Gandhi when he first landed in Mumbai from South Africa. Mr. Savarkar, and later Mr. Golwalkar, just distilled it, wedded it to a Golden Age and purity, presenting it as Religious Nationalism.

It was not even lumping together of Christians with Muslims, something that even some Christians have never thought about generally in political, social and constitutional discourse within the community, particularly on issues of the Dalit question, or in making common cause on several other issues. The Sangh had a living and active history of dislike of Christians despite Mr. Savarkar approving of the community’s peaceful coexistence, specially in south India, with the Hindu community. It is not just identifying the community – barring the Syrian Christians of the Kerala coastal land strip – with the Portuguese “invasion” and the British Raj, or the Anglo-Indians, or thinking of them as “collaborators” with the foreigners in the Freedom struggle.  Christian historians and church luminaries while thumping their chests at the number of schools, colleges and hospitals they founded, have never really tried to assert their presence in the social and political dynamics of the country, thereby giving a fillip to the Sangh argument.

But the biggest weapon in the armory of the Sangh Parivar is the thousands of words they can sieve out of the collected works of Mahatma Gandhi and Babasaheb Ambedkar critiquing, criticizing, condemning and mocking “missionaries” even as they, at least on record, professed their admiration for Jesus Christ.

What worried one were two issues which have nothing to do with issues of Faith, philosophy, or even of ideology as one would think in the context of say, the Communist Parties, the Dravida Parties, and even a theocratic party such as the Akali Dal in the Punjab. These were the issues of, first, advocating forcible sterilization of Muslims and Christians to reduce their population to reduce demographic threat to Hindus, and second, to disenfranchise them to eliminate their political presence in the country.

Both are grave issues, and one is surprised the Prime Minister, Mr. Narendra Modi, has not found it fit to denounce this in his many electoral-sounding speeches abroad,  though he did abuse perhaps with basis the earlier Congress government  led by Mrs. Sonia Gandhi and headed by Dr.  Manmohan Singh, of all sorts of evil doings. Perhaps his hand-picked staff did not tell him what was happening back home.

Both  issues go far beyond mere violence, hate campaigns, Ghar Wapsi, desecration of churches [and the St. Mary’s church at Agra was vandalized and statues broken while Mr. Modi was in Canada].

The argument of disenfranchisement of religious minorities questions the foundations of independent India, the validity of the Constitution and its assurances of citizenship and the rights and duties that derive from it,  and India’s adherence to th Charter of the United Nations on whose Security Council it so desperately seeks a Permanent Seat.

The call for forcible sterilizations of Christian and Muslim men and women, presumably in the reproductive age though that is no guaranteed zone, may be born out of a demographic paranoia of being overtaken by alien hordes, but is firmly rooted in historic roots of euthanasia, eugenics and :final solutions” that have, in the past, brought about such tragedy on the global scale, and not just by the Nazis led by Reichsfuhrer Adolf Hitler. No one has yet recommended abortions of second and third pregnancies before sterilization, but that is a matter of time.

Just to recall some of the more pungent bits from their present day followers as reported in the media: The vice-president of the All India Hindu Mahasabha party, Sadhvi Deva Thakur, was filmed saying that "the population of Muslims and Christians is growing day by day". She called for the imposition of a state of emergency, saying: "Muslims and Christians will have to be forced to undergo sterilization so that they cannot increase their number. She also exhorted Hindus to "have more children and increase their population", adding that "idols of Hindu gods and goddesses should be placed in mosques and churches".

According to the mass-circulated Hindustan Times, the Shiv Sena  claimed the growing population of Muslims and Christians would have ramifications for India and urged Muslim leaders to promote family planning within the minority community. The Sena’s stance, outlined in an editorial in its mouthpiece “Saamna”, came just three days after party leader Sanjay Raut said  the voting rights of Muslims should be revoked for some years to ensure the community is not used for vote bank politics. “India is facing the problem of population explosion. The population of Muslims in India is going to be more than Pakistan or Indonesia. This will hurt the culture and social fabric of a Hindu nation,” the editorial contended.  

The Sena also came out in support of Hindu Mahasabha leader Sadhvi Deva Thakur, who recently said Muslims and Christians should be forcibly sterilized because their growing numbers posed a danger to Hindus. “The furore raised following her statement was unnecessary. She used the word sterilization instead of family planning. But the truth is that the growing population is a problem and family planning is needed," the editorial said.  The editorial contended that family planning and population control were one and the same thing. "When we raise the demand for performing 'nasbandi' -- sorry, family planning -- it is in the best interests of the country and the Muslim community... With family planning, they will be able to feed and educate the children and live better lives..." the Sena said. The editorial claimed that if the Muslim population continued to grow, it might lead to the formation of a “new Pakistan” that will not be able to provide a healthy, disease-free lifestyle for Muslims.

In Haridwar, meanwhile, BJP Member of Parliament and their lead speaker in debates on secularism,  Yogi Adityanath called for barring non-Hindus in Har Ki Pauri, a famous ghat along the banks of the Ganga in Haridwar. “Non-Hindus should be prohibited from visiting Hari Ki Pauri. It is necessary both from the point of view of religion and the security of the ghat,” Adityanath said addressing a felicitation ceremony organized by the Panchayati Akhara Udaseen (Naya). One of the most popular tourist spots in Uttarakhand, Har Ki Pauri is visited by people from across the country throughout the year, especially on auspicious occasions, to take a holy dip in the Ganga. Adityanath is also a leader of the Ghar Wapsi campaign.

Memories of the State of Emergency, imposed by the then Prime Minister, Mrs. Indira Gandhi  from mid 1975 to early 1977, remain forever fresh in community memory. Mrs. Gandhi’s younger son, Mr. Sanjay Gandhi – whose wife and son are pillars now of the BJP, the first a cabinet minister in Mr. Modi’s government – masterminded mass demolitions in various metropolitan towns, specially the national capital, Delhi. He is equally remembered for triggering mass and forcible sterilization of men and women to contain the population, in general, and going by many accounts, the population of Muslims in North India as a special focus. There were police firings and many deaths in several towns and villages when the local people resisted, according to contemporary accounts.

More recently, the notorious government of the state of Chhattisgarh was in focus because of botched surgeries in mass sterilization campaigns of Tribals and Dalit women in its move to curb their population. The fear is yet to die out in the interior areas of that state which is rapidly losing its Tribal  character.

Changing or modifying demographic patterns by such drastic means are born of a politics rooted in paranoia of other communities deemed to be alien or hostile. Muslims have long been classified as such in the right wing political discourse. Now, Christians are firmly in that bracket.

But this fear of Hindus being overwhelmed by Muslims is not based on statistical reality. The Christians remain a mere 2.3 percent of the population, coagulated in just some regions and very thinly spread out elsewhere so that they are almost irrelevant in political reckoning. Their presence in three north eastern states – Mizoram, Meghalaya and Nagaland – has been touted  as a  threat to national integrity, but that is generally treated as an index of the lunacy of the right wing in the country.

The Muslim population – once the target of jibes from the then Chief minister of Gujarat, Mr. Modi himself for allegedly taking four wives to produce 20 children in that infamous slogan Hum Panch, Hamare Pachchis – has according to the Indian census started shrinking with its rate of growth far less than in earlier decades, though still higher than the national average. The US-based PEW international survey of religions say that while Islam may by 2070 just edge out Christianity as the world’s leading faith population, Hinduism will maintain its hegemony in India. It will in fact grow as a percentage term and in absolute numbers both in Western Europe and the United States, but also in other places such as the countries in the Pacific and Indian oceans and in the Caribbean.

Voices in civil society have sought to question this deviation from the Constitution which brooks no second-class citizenship for Christians and Muslims, or for that matter, for Sikhs and Buddhists, Jains and Baha’is.

But it suits the Sangh Parivar and Mr. Modi’s BJP to keep the cauldron of mutual suspicion between communities and an escalating hate boiling in the pursuit of absolute, and presumably perpetual, political power.

One is therefore not surprised at Mr. Modi’s silence on this. One is indeed surprised that neither the Supreme Court and the respective High Courts, nor the Election Commission have taken cognizance of  these statements, which would not have been tolerated if they had been made  by mortals lesser than this luminaries of the Sangh.
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